ganeti Installation Guide Installation Guide

ganeti is a free and open-source cluster virtual server management. Ganeti manages clusters of virtual machines built on Xen or KVM

Hardware Requirements:

CPU: 2+ cores

RAM: 4GB minimum

Storage: 20GB for system

Network: Cluster network

Operating System:

Linux: Any modern distribution (RHEL, Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, Arch, Alpine, openSUSE)

macOS: 10.14+ (Mojave or newer)

Windows: Windows Server 2016+ or Windows 10

FreeBSD: 11.0+

Network Requirements:

Port 1811 (default ganeti port)

DRBD ports

Dependencies:

See official documentation for specific requirements

System Access: root or sudo privileges required

This guide supports installation on:

RHEL 8/9 and derivatives (CentOS Stream, Rocky Linux, AlmaLinux)

Debian 11/12

Ubuntu 20.04/22.04/24.04 LTS

Arch Linux (rolling release)

Alpine Linux 3.18+

openSUSE Leap 15.5+ / Tumbleweed

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 15+

macOS 12+ (Monterey and later)

FreeBSD 13+

Windows 10/11/Server 2019+ (where applicable)

bash

# Install EPEL repository if needed
sudo dnf install -y epel-release

# Install ganeti
sudo dnf install -y ganeti

# Enable and start service
sudo systemctl enable --now ganeti

# Configure firewall
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1811/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Update package index
sudo apt update

# Install ganeti
sudo apt install -y ganeti

# Enable and start service
sudo systemctl enable --now ganeti

# Configure firewall
sudo ufw allow 1811

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Install ganeti
sudo pacman -S ganeti

# Enable and start service
sudo systemctl enable --now ganeti

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Install ganeti
apk add --no-cache ganeti

# Enable and start service
rc-update add ganeti default
rc-service ganeti start

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Install ganeti
sudo zypper install -y ganeti

# Enable and start service
sudo systemctl enable --now ganeti

# Configure firewall
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1811/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Using Homebrew
brew install ganeti

# Start service
brew services start ganeti

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Using pkg
pkg install ganeti

# Enable in rc.conf
echo 'ganeti_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf

# Start service
service ganeti start

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Using Chocolatey
choco install ganeti

# Or using Scoop
scoop install ganeti

# Verify installation
ganeti --version

bash

# Create configuration directory
sudo mkdir -p /etc/ganeti

# Set up basic configuration
# See official documentation for detailed configuration options

# Test configuration
ganeti --version

bash

# Enable service
sudo systemctl enable ganeti

# Start service
sudo systemctl start ganeti

# Stop service
sudo systemctl stop ganeti

# Restart service
sudo systemctl restart ganeti

# Check status
sudo systemctl status ganeti

# View logs
sudo journalctl -u ganeti -f

bash

# Enable service
rc-update add ganeti default

# Start service
rc-service ganeti start

# Stop service
rc-service ganeti stop

# Restart service
rc-service ganeti restart

# Check status
rc-service ganeti status

bash

# Enable in /etc/rc.conf
echo 'ganeti_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf

# Start service
service ganeti start

# Stop service
service ganeti stop

# Restart service
service ganeti restart

# Check status
service ganeti status

bash

# Using Homebrew services
brew services start ganeti
brew services stop ganeti
brew services restart ganeti

# Check status
brew services list | grep ganeti

powershell

# Start service
net start ganeti

# Stop service
net stop ganeti

# Using PowerShell
Start-Service ganeti
Stop-Service ganeti
Restart-Service ganeti

# Check status
Get-Service ganeti

See the official documentation for advanced configuration options.

nginx

upstream ganeti_backend {
    server 127.0.0.1:1811;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name ganeti.example.com;
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name ganeti.example.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/ganeti.example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/ganeti.example.com.key;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://ganeti_backend;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
}

apache

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName ganeti.example.com
    Redirect permanent / https://ganeti.example.com/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName ganeti.example.com
    
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ganeti.example.com.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ganeti.example.com.key
    
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    
    ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:1811/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:1811/
</VirtualHost>

haproxy

frontend ganeti_frontend
    bind *:80
    bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/ssl/certs/ganeti.pem
    redirect scheme https if !{ ssl_fc }
    default_backend ganeti_backend

backend ganeti_backend
    balance roundrobin
    server ganeti1 127.0.0.1:1811 check

bash

# Set appropriate permissions
sudo chown -R ganeti:ganeti /etc/ganeti
sudo chmod 750 /etc/ganeti

# Configure firewall
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1811/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

# Enable SELinux policies (if applicable)
sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on

See official documentation for database configuration requirements.

bash

# Basic system tuning
echo 'net.core.somaxconn = 65535' | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo 'net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535' | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sudo sysctl -p

bash

# Check service status
sudo systemctl status ganeti

# View logs
sudo journalctl -u ganeti -f

# Monitor resource usage
top -p $(pgrep ganeti)

bash

#!/bin/bash
# Basic backup script
BACKUP_DIR="/backup/ganeti"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)

mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
tar -czf "$BACKUP_DIR/ganeti-backup-$DATE.tar.gz" /etc/ganeti /var/lib/ganeti

echo "Backup completed: $BACKUP_DIR/ganeti-backup-$DATE.tar.gz"

bash

# Stop service
sudo systemctl stop ganeti

# Restore from backup
tar -xzf /backup/ganeti/ganeti-backup-*.tar.gz -C /

# Start service
sudo systemctl start ganeti

1. Service won't start:

bash

# Check logs
sudo journalctl -u ganeti -n 100
sudo tail -f /var/log/ganeti/ganeti.log

# Check configuration
ganeti --version

# Check permissions
ls -la /etc/ganeti

2. Connection issues:

bash

# Check if service is listening
sudo ss -tlnp | grep 1811

# Test connectivity
telnet localhost 1811

# Check firewall
sudo firewall-cmd --list-all

3. Performance issues:

bash

# Check resource usage
top -p $(pgrep ganeti)

# Check disk I/O
iotop -p $(pgrep ganeti)

# Check connections
ss -an | grep 1811

yaml

version: '3.8'
services:
  ganeti:
    image: ganeti:latest
    ports:
      - "1811:1811"
    volumes:
      - ./config:/etc/ganeti
      - ./data:/var/lib/ganeti
    restart: unless-stopped

Maintenance

bash

# RHEL/CentOS/Rocky/AlmaLinux
sudo dnf update ganeti

# Debian/Ubuntu
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade ganeti

# Arch Linux
sudo pacman -Syu ganeti

# Alpine Linux
apk update && apk upgrade ganeti

# openSUSE
sudo zypper update ganeti

# FreeBSD
pkg update && pkg upgrade ganeti

# Always backup before updates
tar -czf /backup/ganeti-pre-update-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /etc/ganeti

# Restart after updates
sudo systemctl restart ganeti

Regular Maintenance

bash

# Log rotation
sudo logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/ganeti

# Clean old logs
find /var/log/ganeti -name "*.log" -mtime +30 -delete

# Check disk usage
du -sh /var/lib/ganeti

Official Documentation: https://docs.ganeti.org/

GitHub Repository: https://github.com/ganeti/ganeti

Community Forum: https://forum.ganeti.org/

Best Practices Guide: https://docs.ganeti.org/best-practices

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Note: This guide is part of the HowToMgr collection. Always refer to official documentation for the most up-to-date information.

1. Prerequisites

2. Supported Operating Systems

3. Installation

RHEL/CentOS/Rocky Linux/AlmaLinux

Debian/Ubuntu

Arch Linux

Alpine Linux

openSUSE/SLES

macOS

FreeBSD

Windows

Initial Configuration

Basic Configuration

5. Service Management

systemd (RHEL, Debian, Ubuntu, Arch, openSUSE)

OpenRC (Alpine Linux)

rc.d (FreeBSD)

launchd (macOS)

Windows Service Manager

Advanced Configuration

Reverse Proxy Setup

nginx Configuration

Apache Configuration

HAProxy Configuration

Security Configuration

Basic Security Setup

Database Setup

Performance Optimization

System Tuning

Monitoring

Basic Monitoring

9. Backup and Restore

Backup Script

Restore Procedure

6. Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Integration Examples

Docker Compose Example

Maintenance

Update Procedures

Regular Maintenance

Additional Resources

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